Medicinal Chemistry MCQs For FPGEE Exam 65

01. Which drug belongs to the Quinoline methanol antimalarial class?
A. Mefloquine
B. Chloroquine
C. Quinine
D. Quinidine
E. Pyrimethamine
 
Answer
 A. Mefloquine is a drug that belongs to the Quinoline methanol antimalarial class used in malaria by Acting on the membrane of parasite and damage this membrane of plasmodium falciparum. It's effective against the erythrocytic form of the malarial parasite.
Chloroquine
Chloroquine is a 4-aminoquinoline drug prepared synthetically also used in antimalarial therapy. Chloroquine is a drug of choice in the treatment of erythrocytic Plasmodium falciparum.
Quinine And Quinidine

 Quinidine is a stereoisomer of Quinine. Both of these drugs affect on Erythrocytic form of plasmodium falciparum which results in the death of the parasite.
Pyrimethamine
 Pyrimethamine is an antifolate agent used as Blood Schizonticide. It inhibits Plasmodium dihydrofolate reductase.


02. Select Dihydropyridines Calcium channel blocker drug?
A. Nifedipine
B. Diltiazem
C. Verapamil
D. Acetazolamide
E. Amiloride


Answers:
A. Nifedipine, Dihydropyridine is a 1,4-Dihydropyridine ring structure that is needed for Channel blocking activity. Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker.
other drugs
Diltiazem
 is also a calcium channel blocker. Diltiazem is represented by Benzothiazipines, acting on  Cardiac Calcium channels leading to vasodilation to decrease blood pressure.
Verapamil
 Verapamil act just like diltiazem, it's a phenylalkylamines that also act on calcium channel blockers leading to a decrease in blood pressure.
Acetazolamide
It's a Diuretic drug used to decrease blood pressure by decreasing the reabsorption of  
Sodium in the convoluted proximal tubules. Acetazolamide is also used to reduce aqueous humor production lead's to treat Glaucoma.
Amiloride
belongs to Potassium-sparing Diuretics used to reduce blood pressure by blocking sodium channel. Sodium channels are present in collecting tubules from where these sodium ions are reabsorbed.


03. Select Phenyl Alkylamine Calcium channel blocker drug?
A. Nifedipine
B. Diltiazem
C. Verapamil
D. Triamcinolone
E. Triamterene

Answer:
 C. Verapamil
Verapamil is a phenylalkylamine from a class of calcium channel blockers that act on the vascular system and cardiac calcium channel to decrease blood pressure.
Diltiazem, Nifedipine as above mentioned

Triamcinolone
 triamcinolone is a corticosteroid

Triamterene
triamterene is also a potassium-sparing Diuretic act just like Amiloride.


04. Indomethacin belongs to one of the following class?
A. Acetic acid derivative 
B. Oxicam derivative 
C. Propionic acid 
D. Fenamates 

Answer: A. Acetic acid derivative 


05. Sulindac belongs to one of the following class?
A. Acetic acid derivative 
B. Oxicam derivative 
C. Propionic acid 
D. Fenamates 


Answer: A. Acetic acid derivative 

06. Ibuprofen belongs to one of the following class?
A. Acetic acid derivative 
B. Oxicam derivative 
C. Propionic acid 
D. Fenamates 


Answer: C. Propionic acid 

07. Heteroaryl acetic acid drug is following?
A. Diclofenac 
B. Nabumetone
C. Piroxicam
D. Indomethacine
E. Ibuprofen 

Answer: A. Diclofenac 

08. Heteroaryl acetic acid drug is following?
A. Tolmetin
B. Nabumetone
C. Piroxicam
D. Indomethacin
E. Ibuprofen 


Answer: A. Tolmetin


09. Mafenamic acid belongs to following class?
A. Fenamates
B. Oxicam
C. Acetic acid 
D. Propionic acid
E. Salicylic acid 

Answer: A. Fenamates

10. Imidazoline derivative drug with Alpha2 adrenoceptors effect?
A. Dipivefrin
B. Clonidine
C. Albuterol
D. Phentolamine


Answer: B. Clonidine is a Selective Alpha-adrenergic agonist having increased activity for the Alpha receptor as compared to Beta receptors. Apraclonidine and  Brimonidine are derivatives of Clonidine that activate the Alpha ² receptor in the eye thus used to treat Open-Angle Glaucoma topically.
Clonidine is used as an antihypertensive agent by reducing sympathetic output from CNS because it has an effect on central Alpha ²-adrenoceptors.
Other Options 
Dipivefrin,  it's a prodrug of epinephrine which recommended for Treat Open-Angle Glaucoma. Meanwhile, it's a Catechol diester prodrug. It decreases aqueous humor production by activating the Alpha² receptor present in the ciliary body.
Albuterol, Beta² selective agonist leading to bronchodilation.
Phentolamine is a Selective Alpha-adrenergic antagonist because it has similar to Alpha-adrenergic Agonists but lipophilic substitution on the aromatic ring is lacking in phentolamine so that's why it can't act as an Alpha-adrenergic agonist. it is used to treat increased blood pressure.


11. Imidazoline derivative drug with Alpha1 adrenoceptors effect?
A. Oxymetazoline
B. Clonidine
C. Phenylephrine
D. Apraclonidine
E. Brimonidine

Answer: A. Oxymetazoline ( nasal decongestant )
Detail Same As Above.


12. N-Substitutions of the catecholamine pharmacophore with isopropyl groups or aryl-alkyl groups improve the selectivity of which receptor?
A. Beta Receptor
B. Alpha Receptor
C. Muscarinic Receptor
D. Dopaminergic receptor
E. Neuromuscular Activity


Answer: A. Beta Receptor

13. Which one of the following drugs is tertiary amine antispasmodic?
A. Dicyclomine
B. Propantheline
C. Cyclopentolate
D. Oxybutynin
E. Biperiden

Answer: Dicyclomine

14. Which one of the following drugs is Quaternary compound antispasmodic?
A. Dicyclomine
B. Propantheline
C. Cyclopentolate
D. Oxybutynin
E. Biperiden

Answer: Propantheline

15. Following is the Structural analog of the aldosterone antagonist spironolactone with androgenic activity but to a little extent?
A. Bicalutamide
B. Fluoxymesterone
C. Mifepristone
D. Drospirenone
E. Megestrol Acetate

Answer: D. Drospirenone is the Structural analog of spironolactone.


16. Following are the 17 alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone derivatives Having a pregnane nucleus in the structural formula?
A. Bicalutamide
B. Fluoxymesterone
C. Mifepristone
D. Drospirenone
E. Megestrol acetate

Answers: E. Megestrol acetate is the 17 alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone derivative Having a pregnane nucleus in the structural formula.


17. Antihistamine agent with nonsedative effect from the chemical class of piperidines is the following?
A. Fexofenadine
B. Cetirizine
C. Cyproheptadine
D. Promethazine
E. Hydroxyzine


Answer: A. Fexofenadine

18. Antihistamine agent with nonsedative effect from the chemical class of piperazine is the following?
A. Fexofenadine
B. Cetirizine
C. Cyproheptadine
D. Promethazine
E. Hydroxyzine


Answer: B. Cetirizine

19. Phentolamine and Tolazoline have similar structures to imidazoline Alpha Agonists due to a lack of?
A. Hydrophilic substitutions on the aromatic ring
B. Lipophilic substitutions on the aromatic ring
C. Lipophilic substitutions on the Cyclic ring
D. Hydrophilic substitutions on the Cyclic ring
E. None of these

Answer: B. Lipophilic substitutions on the aromatic ring



20. The structural formula of epinephrine and Norepinephrine is called?
A. Catechol
B. Pyrocatechol
C. 1,2-dihydroxybenzene
D. All of these

Answer: D. All of these