01. Which of the following drug belongs to penicillins?
A. Niacin
B. Atorvastatin
C. Fenofibrate
D. Ezitimibe
E. Nafcillin
Answer: E. Nafcillin
02. Which one of the following drugs is a Cephalosporin drug?
A. Niacin
B. Ceftibuten
C. Ampicillin
D. Ezetimibe
E. Oxacillin
Answer: B. Ceftibuten
03. A drug that belongs to MONOBACTAMS is one of the following?
A. Ticarcillin
B. Aztreonam
C. Cefazolin
D. Sulbactam
E. Doripenem
Answer: B. Aztreonam
A. Niacin
B. Atorvastatin
C. Fenofibrate
D. Ezitimibe
E. Nafcillin
Answer: E. Nafcillin
02. Which one of the following drugs is a Cephalosporin drug?
A. Niacin
B. Ceftibuten
C. Ampicillin
D. Ezetimibe
E. Oxacillin
Answer: B. Ceftibuten
03. A drug that belongs to MONOBACTAMS is one of the following?
A. Ticarcillin
B. Aztreonam
C. Cefazolin
D. Sulbactam
E. Doripenem
Answer: B. Aztreonam
04. Which of the following drugs is used for hepatic viral infections?
A. Ibandronate
B. Oseltamivir
C. Capecitabine
D. Interferon
E. Naftifine
Answer: D. Interferon
A. Ibandronate
B. Oseltamivir
C. Capecitabine
D. Interferon
E. Naftifine
Answer: D. Interferon
05. Cefprozil belongs to the class of following drugs?
A. Antiviral
B. Antipyretic
C. Antiprotozoal
D. Antibiotics
E. Anti malaria
Answer: D. Antibiotics
06. Interferon belongs to the class of following drugs?
A. Antiviral
B. Antipyretic
C. Antiprotozoal
D. Antibiotics
E. Anti malaria
Answer: A. Antiviral
A. Antiviral
B. Antipyretic
C. Antiprotozoal
D. Antibiotics
E. Anti malaria
Answer: D. Antibiotics
06. Interferon belongs to the class of following drugs?
A. Antiviral
B. Antipyretic
C. Antiprotozoal
D. Antibiotics
E. Anti malaria
Answer: A. Antiviral
07. Benznidazole belongs to the class of following drugs?
A. Antiviral
B. Antipyretic
C. Antiprotozoal
D. Antibiotics
E. Anti malaria
Answer: C. Antiprotozoal
08. Melarsoprol belongs to the class of following drugs?
A. Antiviral
B. Antipyretic
C. Antiprotozoal
D. Antifungal
E. Anti malaria
Answer: C. Antiprotozoal
09. Indicate the antiseizure drug, which is a sulfonamide derivative, blocking Na+ channels and having additional ability to inhibit T-type Ca2+ channels?
a) Tiagabine
b) Zonisamide
c) Ethosuximide
d) Primidone
Answer: b) Zonisamide
10. Dawn phenomenon sometimes called dawn effect is linked with one of the following disease?
A. Diabeties mellitus
B. Achalasia
C. Hypertension
D. GERD
Answer: A. Diabeties mellitus
11. Slow acting schizontocidal are all except:
a. pyrimethamine
b. proguanil
c. Sulfadoxine
d. ArtemisiniN
Answer: d. Artemisinin
13. An indication that ovulation has taken place is:
a) Increase in FSH levels
b) A drop in body temperature
c) Increase in serum LH
d) Increase in serum progesterone levels
e) Increase in serum estrogen levels
Answer: d). Increase in serum progesterone levels
the answer is d, progesterone production by the corpus luteum increases tremendously AT THE TIME of ovulation. Both FSH and LH blood levels increase during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle and reach peak levels JUST PRIOR TO OVULATION (not at the time of ovulation) The physiological SIGNAL for ovulation is a surge in LH levels. Estrogen levels also increase but do not reach the levels reached during the follicular phase Progesterone affects the set point for thermoregulation and increases body temperature by approximately 0.5 F.
15. Which one of the following drugs is used to promote the ejection of breast milk?
A. Vasopressin
B. Oxytocin
C. Desmopressin
D. Phenytoin
Answer: B. Oxytocin
16. A decrease in HR (while stroke volume and peripheral resistance remain constant will cause increase in):
a) Arterial diastolic pressure
b) Arterial systolic pressure
c) Cardiac output
d) Arterial pulse pressure
e) Mean arterial pressure
Answer: d) Arterial pulse pressure
The answer is d,
A decrease in heart rate causes increase in the diastole. This means that there is more time available for the arteries to empty. So the diastolic presseure will decrease and thus increase the pulse pressure (remember pulse pressure = systolic BP-diastolic BP). There should be no change in the systolic pressure since the after load, which is TPR hasn't changed.
A. Antiviral
B. Antipyretic
C. Antiprotozoal
D. Antibiotics
E. Anti malaria
Answer: C. Antiprotozoal
08. Melarsoprol belongs to the class of following drugs?
A. Antiviral
B. Antipyretic
C. Antiprotozoal
D. Antifungal
E. Anti malaria
Answer: C. Antiprotozoal
09. Indicate the antiseizure drug, which is a sulfonamide derivative, blocking Na+ channels and having additional ability to inhibit T-type Ca2+ channels?
a) Tiagabine
b) Zonisamide
c) Ethosuximide
d) Primidone
Answer: b) Zonisamide
10. Dawn phenomenon sometimes called dawn effect is linked with one of the following disease?
A. Diabeties mellitus
B. Achalasia
C. Hypertension
D. GERD
Answer: A. Diabeties mellitus
11. Slow acting schizontocidal are all except:
a. pyrimethamine
b. proguanil
c. Sulfadoxine
d. ArtemisiniN
Answer: d. Artemisinin
13. An indication that ovulation has taken place is:
a) Increase in FSH levels
b) A drop in body temperature
c) Increase in serum LH
d) Increase in serum progesterone levels
e) Increase in serum estrogen levels
Answer: d). Increase in serum progesterone levels
the answer is d, progesterone production by the corpus luteum increases tremendously AT THE TIME of ovulation. Both FSH and LH blood levels increase during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle and reach peak levels JUST PRIOR TO OVULATION (not at the time of ovulation) The physiological SIGNAL for ovulation is a surge in LH levels. Estrogen levels also increase but do not reach the levels reached during the follicular phase Progesterone affects the set point for thermoregulation and increases body temperature by approximately 0.5 F.
15. Which one of the following drugs is used to promote the ejection of breast milk?
A. Vasopressin
B. Oxytocin
C. Desmopressin
D. Phenytoin
Answer: B. Oxytocin
16. A decrease in HR (while stroke volume and peripheral resistance remain constant will cause increase in):
a) Arterial diastolic pressure
b) Arterial systolic pressure
c) Cardiac output
d) Arterial pulse pressure
e) Mean arterial pressure
Answer: d) Arterial pulse pressure
The answer is d,
A decrease in heart rate causes increase in the diastole. This means that there is more time available for the arteries to empty. So the diastolic presseure will decrease and thus increase the pulse pressure (remember pulse pressure = systolic BP-diastolic BP). There should be no change in the systolic pressure since the after load, which is TPR hasn't changed.
17. Nonsystemic antacids are following?
A. Magnesium substance
B. Aluminum substance
C. Sodium Bicarbonate
D. A & B
E. ALL of the above
Answer: D. A & B
A. Magnesium substance
B. Aluminum substance
C. Sodium Bicarbonate
D. A & B
E. ALL of the above
Answer: D. A & B
18. What is the antidote of Metoprolol?
A. Isoniazid
B. Pyridostigmine
C. Pyridoxine
D. Glucagon
E. A & B
Answer: D. Glucagon
A. Isoniazid
B. Pyridostigmine
C. Pyridoxine
D. Glucagon
E. A & B
Answer: D. Glucagon
19. Which one of the following drugs is used to treat the person addicted to nicotine (Smoking)?
A. Phentolamine
B. Varenicline
C. Mecamylamine
D. Scopolamine
E. Physostigmine
Answer: B. Varenicline
A. Phentolamine
B. Varenicline
C. Mecamylamine
D. Scopolamine
E. Physostigmine
Answer: B. Varenicline
20. A drug that causes the increased risk of bleeding by inhibiting the hepatic metabolism of Warfarin?
A. Furosemide B. Fluconazole
C. Griseofulvin
D. Cholestyramine
E. Bosenten
Answer: B. Fluconazole
12. Which of the following drug dosing need to be adjusted during radiotherapy sessions in patients to avoid extreme radiation toxicity:
a. 6 mercaptopurine
b. Vincristine
c. Cyclophosphamide
d. Dactinomycin
Answer: d. Dactinomycin
a. 6 mercaptopurine
b. Vincristine
c. Cyclophosphamide
d. Dactinomycin
Answer: d. Dactinomycin
14. When a person moves from a supine to a standing position, which one of the following compensatory changes occurs?
a) Decreased cardiac output
b) Decreased heart rate
c) Decreased total peripheral resistance (TPR)
d) Increased contractility
e) Increased PR intervals
Answer: d) Increased contractility
The answer is D. Two important points to be noted:
1. Vasomotor Center: The vasomotor center, located bilaterally mainly in the reticular substance of the medulla and of the lower third of the pons, is responsible for the overall control of blood distribution and pressure throughout the body. This center transmits parasympathetic impulses through the vagus nerves to the heart and transmits sympathetic impulses through the cord and peripheral sympathetic nerves to all or almost all the blood vessels of the body.
2. Baroreceptor Reflex: The baroreceptor reflex is the body's rapid response system for dealing with changes in blood pressure. This reflex is initiated by stretch receptors, called either baroreceptors or pressoreceptors, which are located in the walls of several of the large systemic arteries. Signals are sent to the vasomotor center, which response accordingly.
So, when a person moves from a supine to a standing position, blood pools in the legs, causing decreased venous return, decreased cardiac output, and thus decreased blood pressure. This decrease in BP is detected by the baroreceptors, and signals sent to the vasomotor center, which response by increasing sympathetic outflow and decreasing parasympathetic outflow. This will cause an increase in heart rate (thus decrease in PR interval), increase contractility, and an increase in TPR. Increased HR and contractility will increase CO and BP back to normal.
a) Decreased cardiac output
b) Decreased heart rate
c) Decreased total peripheral resistance (TPR)
d) Increased contractility
e) Increased PR intervals
Answer: d) Increased contractility
The answer is D. Two important points to be noted:
1. Vasomotor Center: The vasomotor center, located bilaterally mainly in the reticular substance of the medulla and of the lower third of the pons, is responsible for the overall control of blood distribution and pressure throughout the body. This center transmits parasympathetic impulses through the vagus nerves to the heart and transmits sympathetic impulses through the cord and peripheral sympathetic nerves to all or almost all the blood vessels of the body.
2. Baroreceptor Reflex: The baroreceptor reflex is the body's rapid response system for dealing with changes in blood pressure. This reflex is initiated by stretch receptors, called either baroreceptors or pressoreceptors, which are located in the walls of several of the large systemic arteries. Signals are sent to the vasomotor center, which response accordingly.
So, when a person moves from a supine to a standing position, blood pools in the legs, causing decreased venous return, decreased cardiac output, and thus decreased blood pressure. This decrease in BP is detected by the baroreceptors, and signals sent to the vasomotor center, which response by increasing sympathetic outflow and decreasing parasympathetic outflow. This will cause an increase in heart rate (thus decrease in PR interval), increase contractility, and an increase in TPR. Increased HR and contractility will increase CO and BP back to normal.
No comments:
Post a Comment